To fully scrutinize the humanitarian impact of sanctions, the Sanctions and Security Research Project commissioned case studies on Iran and Venezuela, and collaborated with the Carter Center’s project on Syria, which recommend stronger safeguards to prevent negative humanitarian impacts and offer ways of improving the effectiveness of sanctions and strengthening of incentives.

This paper is a compilation of the Carter Center’s work on Syria prepared by Hend Annie Charif, program associate in the Carter Center’s Conflict Resolution Program, with contributions by Stacia George, director of the conflict resolution program, Rana Shabb, associate director in the conflict resolution program, Nancy Azar, senior program associate to the conflict resolution program, and Hrair Balian, former director and senior advisor to the conflict resolution program.

Syria: From Punitive Sanctions to an Incentive-Based Approach